COAL PREPARATION


MULTICOMPONENT FUEL BASED ON CARBON-CONTAINING MATERIALS: FORMATION PRINCIPLES, PROPERTIES, AND OPTIMIZATION METHODS

Authors:
  • Yu.F. Patrakov1, S.M. Nikitenko1, A.A. Rozhkov2, M.I. Oleynikova1, M.K. Korolev1
  • 1 Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kemerovo, 650065, Russian Federation
  • 2 Russian Energy Agency? of the Ministry of Energy of Russia, Moscow, 127083, Russian Federation, e-mail: yupat52@gmail.com
  • Authors Information
  • Patrakov Yu.F. – Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Fuel Mixture Formation Laboratory,
  • Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kemerovo, 650065, Russian Federation, e-mail: yupat52@gmail.com
  • Nikitenko S.M. – Doctor of Economic Science, Associate Professor, Chief Researcher, Fuel Mixture Formation Laboratory, Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kemerovo, 650065, Russian Federation, e-mail: nsm.nis@mail.ru
  • Rozhkov A.A. – Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Analytical Research and Short-Term Forecasting of the Coal Industry Development, Russian Energy Agency of the Ministry of Energy of Russia, Moscow, 127083, Russian Federation, e-mail: Rozhkov@rosenergo.gov.ru
  • Oleynikova M.I. – Researcher, Fuel Mixture Formation Laboratory, Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kemerovo, 650065, Russian Federation, e-mail: airam430@gmail.com
  • Korolev M.K. – Researcher, Fuel Mixture Formation Laboratory, Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kemerovo, 650065, Russian Federation, e-mail: m.korolev.gm@gmail.com
UDC: 504.062.2 c Yu.F. Patrakov1, S.M. Nikitenko1, A.A. Rozhkov2, M.I. Oleynikova1, M.K. Korolev1, 2026
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18796/0041-5790-2026-8-83-89

Abstract

Modern approaches to the energy utilization of carbon materials in multicomponent solid fuels are examined in this article. It is shown that coal industry waste and other organic components represent secondary carbon-containing raw materials with significant energy potential. Their direct use, however, is limited by high content of moisture and ash, fine particle size distribution, and other parameters. A direction for multicomponent coal-based solid fuels development with an addition of carbon-containing materials is proposed, taking into account the physicochemical and thermal properties of the components, as well as the process characteristics that determine the mixture behavior during ignition, combustion, and emission. It is proposed to use organic components to improve flammability, increase the yield of volatile substances, and adjust the ash content in fuel mixtures. An optimization problem for selecting the composition and proportions of fuel mixture components is formed, and as a solution Pareto optimality method is proposed.

Keywords: Multicomponent fuel, carbon-containing material, physical, chemical and thermal properties, optimization, combustion.

References

  1. Statistical Review of World Energy 2025. KPMG, 2025. URL: https://assets.kpmg.com/content/dam/kpmg/sk/pdf/2025/Statistical-Review-of-World-Energy-2025.pdf.
  2. Global Energy Review 2025. International Energy Agency (IEA), 2025. URL: https://www.iea.org/reports/global-energy-review-2025.
  3. Шафраник Ю.К. Угольная отрасль – от феномена реструктуризации до современных проблем и путей их решения // Горная промышленность. 2026;(2). [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://mining-media.ru/ru/article/interview/20111-ugolnaya-otrasl-otfenomena-restrukturizatsii-do-sovremennykh-problem-i-putej-ikhresheniya.
  4. Использование технологии пневмосепарации для обогащения мелких классов энергетических углей / Ю.Ф. Патраков, С.А. Семенова, С.М. Никитенко и др. // Кокс и химия. 2026;(4):8-13. Patrakov Yu.F., Semenova S.A., Nikitenko S.M., Stepanenko A.A., Stepanenko A.I. Use of Pneumatic Separation Technology for Enrichment of Small Classes of Energy Coals. Koks i khimiya. 2026;(4):8-13. (In Russ.).
  5. Влияние распределения минеральных примесей на обогатимость угольных шламов / Ю.Ф. Патраков, С.А. Семенова, С.М. Никитенко и др. // Горная промышленность. 2025;(4S):58-62. https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2025-4S-58-62. Patrakov Yu.F., Semenova S.A., Nikitenko S.M., Yarkova A.V. Effects of mineral impurities distribution on coal sludge washability. Russian Mining Industry. 2025;(4S):58-62. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2025-4S-58-62.
  6. Алешинский Р.Е. Актуальность создания нового российского угольного котлоагрегата // Энергетик. 2024;(1):9-13. URL: http://www.energetik.energy-journals.ru/index.php/EN/article/view/2394. Aleshinsky R.E. The relevance of creating a new Russian coal mining enterprise. Energetik. 2024;(1):9-13. (In Russ.). URL: http://www.energetik.energy-journals.ru/index.php/EN/article/view/2394.
  7. Угольная промышленность – образ будущего в условиях новыхтехнологических и энергетических трендов (прогнозы, анализ рынков, технологии, финансово-экономические оценки): монография / Ю.А. Плакиткин, Л.С. Плакиткина, А.А. Рожков и др. М.: ИНЭИ РАН, 2026. 312 с. М.: ИНЭИ РАН, 2026. 312 с. URL: https:// www.eriras.ru/files/monografiya_plakitkin.pdf.
  8. Towards carbon neutrality: A comprehensive study on the utilization and resource recovery of coal-based solid wastes. International Journal of Coal Science & Technology. 2025;(12):34. URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40789-025-00775-4.
  9. Liu H., Gong S., Jia C., Wang Q. TG-FTIR analysis of co-combustion characteristics of oil shale semi-coke and corn straw. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2017;(127):2531-2540.
  10. Wang H., Zhang J., Wang G. et al. Characteristics and kinetic analysis of co-combustion of brown coal and anthracite. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2016;126(2):447-454. DOI: 10.1007/s10973-016-5557-9.
  11. Jiao Y., Lv B., Fan W., Li L., Wang M., Xing B. Preparation and application prospects of coal-based carbon materials: A comprehensive review. Fuel Processing Technology. 2025. URL: https://www.sciencedirect. com/science/article/abs/pii/S0925838825005092.
  12. Leone T.G., Anderson J.E., McCormick R.L. Redefining fuel heating value for engines: Accounting for heat of vaporization. Fuel. 2026;(415). URL: https://research-hub.nlr.gov/en/publications/redefining-fuel-heating-value-for-engines-accounting-for-heat-of-/.
  13. Ozgen S. et al. Coal recovery from coal washing plant tailings with Knelson concentrator. International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization. 2019. DOI: 10.1080/19392699.2019.1665033.
  14. Guo S. et al. Effect of blending sewage sludge with coal on combustion and ash slagging behavior. RSC Advances. 2019. DOI: 10.1039/C9RA04243A.
  15. Galvan D., Effting L., Cremasco H., Conte-Junior C.A. Recent applications of mixture designs in beverages, foods, and pharmaceutical health: A systematic review. Foods. 2021;10(8):1941. DOI: 10.3390/foods10081941.
  16. Xu Y., Wenkun Z. et al. Investigation of Combustion and NO/SO2 Emission Characteristics during the Co-Combustion Process of Torrefied Biomass and Lignite. Molecules. 2024. URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/12/2728.
  17. Жуйков А., Глушков Д., Плешко А., Гришина И., Чичерин С. Совместное сжигание угля и биомассы: нагрев поверхностного шлака и дымовых газов // Fire. 2025;8(3):106. URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/8/3/106. Zhuykov A., Glushkov D., Pleshko A., Grishina I., Chicherin S. Combined combustion of coal and biomass: heating of surface slag and flue gases. Fire. 2025;8(3):106. (In Russ.). URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/8/3/106.
  18. Chen C., Zhao X., Qi D., Yang K., Xu L., Li T., Ying Y., Liu D. Study of sewage sludge/coal co-combustion by thermogravimetric analysis and single particle combustion method. Energy & Fuels. 2018. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324268091_Study_of_Sewage_SludgeCoal_Co-Combustion_by_Thermogravimetric_Analysis_and_Single_Particle_Co-Combustion_Method.
  19. Gil M.V., Casal D., Pevida C., Pis J.J., Rubiera F. Thermal behaviour and kinetics of coal/biomass blends during co-combustion. Bioresource Technology. 2010;(101):5601-5608.
  20. Wang G., Zhang J., Shao J. et al. Thermal behavior and kinetic analysis of co-combustion of waste biomass/low rank coal blends. Energy Conversion and Management. 2016;(124):414-424. DOI: 10.1016/j. enconman.2016.07.014.
  21. Ольховский М.И. Проект производства стандартизованного угольного топлива и перспективы применения в энергетике. В сборнике: Природные и интеллектуальные ресурсы Сибири (Сибресурс 2012) / Материалы ХIV Международной научно-практической конференции. редколлегия: В.Ю. Блюменштейн (ответственный редактор), В.А. Колмаков. 2012. С. 85-90. Acknowledgements This research was funded by grants from the Russian Science Foundation (Agreement No. 25-17-20003 dated May 14, 2025) and the Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass (Agreement No. 03/2025 dated April 10, 2025).

For citation

Patrakov Yu.F., Nikitenko S.M., Rozhkov A.A., Oleynikova M.I., Korolev M.K. Multicomponent fuel based on carbon-containing materials: formation principles, properties, and optimization methods. Ugol’. 2026;(8):83-89. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.18796/0041-5790-2026-8-83-89.

Paper Info
Received: June 29, 2026
Reviewed: July 17, 2026
Accepted: July 30, 2026
SPECIAL ISSUE




Hot from the press
Partners

“UGOL'” Journal Edition LLC
Leninsky Prospekt, 2А, office 819 Moscow, 119049, Russian Federation
phone/fax: +7 (499) 237-22-23
E-mail: ugol1925@mail.ru
www.ugolinfo.ru
Copyright © 2026 All Rights Reserved